World Colleges Information

Agriculture has played a key role in the development of human civilization.One of the major requirements of agriculture is irrigation, agriculture accounts for 70 per cent of withdrawals of freshwater resources. However, increasing pressure being placed on water resources by industry, cities and the involving biofuels industry means that water scarcity is increasing and agriculture is facing the challenge of producing more food for the world's growing  population with fewer water resources. Successful agriculture is dependent upon farmers having sufficient access to water. However, water scarcity is already a critical constraint to farming in many parts of the world. The only other way for successful agriculture is the proper use of the available fresh water for irrigation. For the proper use of the available fresh water we may go for a solution i.e., SMART IRRIGATION CONTROL SYSTEM. This system operates at definite intervals of time; it senses the quantity of water present in the soil and the quantity of water available for irrigation and irrigates the crops only if it is necessary.

Introduction

Overview:

         Agriculture is the cultivation of animals, plants, fungi and other life forms for food, fiber, and other products used to sustain life. Agriculture was the key implement in the rise of sedentary human civilization, farmers use irrigation to supplement rainfall. Irrigation may be defined as the science of artificial application of water to the land or soil. It is used to assist in the growing of agricultural crops, maintenance of landscapes, and reverberation of
disturbed soils in dry areas and during periods of inadequate rainfall.

Motivation:

Fifty years ago, the common perception was that water was an infinite resource. Today, the competition for water resources is much more intense.This is because there are now nearly seven billion people on the planet, their consumption of meat and vegetables is rising, and there is increasing competition for water from industry, urbanization and biofuel crops, activities resulting in global climate change are expected to trigger droughts with a substantial impact on agriculture. To avoid a global water crisis, farmers have to utilize the available water efficiently, to assist farmers to utilize the water efficiently i decided to develop an Electronic system which can irrigate the crops with greater efficiency.

Applications:

1.  Can be used in farms and plantations to irrigate the crops efficiently when the availability of water and Electric power are the limiting factors.
2.  Can be used to irrigate the plants grown in houses,offices,parks e.t.c.
3. Can be used to irrigate the crops automatically in the farms that are found far away from human habitation.

Advantages:

• Consumes less power, irrigates smartly and ensures maximum crop quality
• Can be used to control all types of irrigations such as sprinkler, dripe.t.c.
•  Easy to operate.
• Eliminates the need for human labour that is required for manual irrigation.
• Higher reliability, efficiency and life.
• Affordable.